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26/02/2014

22/09/2013

EVOLUTION OF THE PHARMACIST'S ROLE

The pharmacist's role has shifted over the last 2 decades from the traditional clinical role to more focused pharmaceutical care era.
This transition has closed the gap between merely dispensing drugs information to ensurering positive outcomes in drug related therapies.

This transition has led to emerging new pharmacy branches that are more motivated by therauputic outcome;
Pharmacogenomics-the application of biotechnology and gene therapy-although gene therapy can be treated as a distinct field altogether-in medical objectives,isolating genes and altering to fix DNA.
Nanopharmacy-uses nanochemistry the chemistry of the smallest carbon allotrope to create functional divices,and the science of manipulating these devices for therapeutic objectives.
Pharmacoiformatics-also chembionformatics use of ITin the discovery and developement of drugs.It puts to use informatics,internet,interactive technologies to solve drug related problems and optimises therapy.
Nuclear pharmacy-use of radioactive substances in compounding,diagnosis and therapy.

10/08/2013

Efficacy and mechanism of action of
turmeric supplements in the treatment of
experimental arthritis.
Funk JL, et al. Show all
Arthritis Rheum. 2006 Nov;54(11):3452-64.
University of Arizona, Tucson, USA.
[email protected]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Scientific evidence is lacking for
the antiarthritic efficacy of turmeric dietary
supplements that are being promoted for
arthritis treatment. Therefore, we undertook
studies to determine the antiarthritic
efficacy and mechanism of action of a well-
characterized turmeric extract using an
animal model of rheumatoid arthritis (RA).
METHODS: The composition of commercial
turmeric dietary supplements was
determined by high-performance liquid
chromatography. A curcuminoid-containing
turmeric extract similar in composition to
these supplements was isolated and
administered intraperitoneally to female
Lewis rats prior to or after the onset of
streptococcal cell wall-induced arthritis.
Efficacy in preventing joint swelling and
destruction was determined clinically,
histologically, and by measurement of bone
mineral density. Mechanism of action was
elucidated by analysis of turmeric's effect on
articular transcription factor activation,
microarray analysis of articular gene
expression, and verification of the
physiologic effects of alterations in gene
expression.
RESULTS: A turmeric fraction depleted of
essential oils profoundly inhibited joint
inflammation and periarticular joint
destruction in a dose-dependent manner. In
vivo treatment prevented local activation of
NF-kappaB and the subsequent expression
of NF-kappaB-regulated genes mediating
joint inflammation and destruction,
including chemokines, cyclooxygenase 2,
and RANKL. Consistent with these findings,
inflammatory cell influx, joint levels of
prostaglandin E(2), and periarticular
osteoclast formation were inhibited by
turmeric extract treatment.
CONCLUSION: These translational studies
demonstrate in vivo efficacy and identify a
mechanism of action for a well-
characterized turmeric extract that supports
further clinical evaluation of turmeric dietary
supplements in the treatment of RA.
PMID 17075840 [PubMed - indexed for
MEDLINE]
Free full text: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

10/08/2013

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