01/31/2024
On 31 January 1797 Franz Schubert was born!
He took his first music lessons from his father, a music teacher. For five he sang as a soprano in the Viennese Stadtkonvikt chapel. In 1812, he began to study composition with Antonio Salieri. After leaving the chapel and completing his studies, he became a teacher at his father's school, a profession he quickly abandoned to devote himself to his work as a composer.
In Vienna, Schubert gave lessons and published his works, for which, however, publishers offered him an underpayment. Despite his unstable financial situation, the composer did not stop his creative work. He composed every day from the morning to 12:00 noon, while in the evenings he led an active social life. The musical evenings, during which his songs and dances were performed, were frequently called ‘schubertiads’.
Around 1822, the composer contracted a venereal disease, which began to manifest itself not only in physical pain, but also in episodes of depression. Despite his deteriorating health, Schubert worked assiduously until the end of his life, with which he earned his place in the pantheon of the most brilliant Romantic composers.
He wrote pieces in almost every possible musical genres. In his symphonic and chamber music, he initially followed Classical traditions, but over time he created an individual, Romantic style. He went down in history primarily as a composer of songs; he wrote more than 600 of them, many to words by Johann Wolfgang Goethe. In addition, Schubert's compositional legacy includes eight symphonies, 15 string quartets, more than 20 piano sonatas, cantatas, masses and other religious works, and more than a dozen operas.
Schubert created all these works within only 31 years. He died on 19 November 1828 in Vienna.
🖼️: Portrait of Franz Schubert, oil on wood, Gábor Melegh, 1827; Hungarian National Gallery.