06/22/2026
What is a "Banned Book"? You might be surprised!
More than 6,800 book bans were enacted during the 2024-25 school year in 87 public school districts across 23 states, according to a report released by PEN America, a nonprofit that advocates for free expression.
The organization defines a school book ban as “any action taken against a book based on its content and as a result of parent or community challenges, administrative decisions, or in response to direct or threatened action by governmental officials” that leads to the book being removed or restricted.
The latest report found that 3,752 unique titles were affected by bans in the school year that ended in June. The most banned titles included “A Clockwork Orange” and “Wicked,” while the most banned authors included Stephen King, Sarah J. Maas and Jodi Picoult. More than 80% of all bans originated in just three states: Florida, Texas and Tennessee.
The 2024 data reported to American Library Association’s Office for Intellectual Freedom (OIF) shows that the majority of book censorship attempts are now originating from organized movements. Pressure groups and government entities that include elected officials, board members and administrators initiated 72% of demands to censor books in school and public libraries. Parents only accounted for 16% of demands to censor books, while 5% of challenges were brought by individual library users. The 120 titles most frequently targeted for censorship during 2024 are all identified on partisan book rating sites which provide tools for activists to demand the censorship of library books.
Although the US government has engaged in small levels of book banning throughout its history, most books are banned or challenged on a more local scale.
“Challenging” a book is the attempt to ban a book from a library, school district, institution, organization, government entity, retailer, or publisher based on its content. Challenges can either result in the book being banned or they can be overturned and the book remains in circulation at the organization.
For example, a school might choose not to carry a book in its library, or a bookseller might refuse to sell a certain book, or a library might try to expunge a book from its collection. But official ordinances and rules that “ban” books are extremely difficult to make stick on any large scale in the United States because of our First Amendment rights to free speech and free press.
However, attempts to ban books have made their way to the Supreme Court.
As of 2020, the top ten reasons books were challenged or banned, according to the American Library Association, included:
sexual content (92.5% percent of books on the list)
offensive language (61.5%)
unsuited to age group (49%)
religious viewpoint (26%)
LGBTQIA+ content (23.5%)
violence (19%)
racism (16.5%)
use of illegal substances (12.5%)
“anti-family” content (7%)
political viewpoint (6.5%)
For more information on Book Banning:
https://pen.org/book-bans/
https://www.ala.org/bbooks
https://firstamendmentmuseum.org/how-do-books-get-banned/
Sources:
https://www.ala.org/bbooks/book-ban-data
https://www.nbcnews.com/nbc-out/out-news/15-banned-books-us-schools-rcna235157
https://firstamendmentmuseum.org/how-do-books-get-banned/