05/06/2026
After the rain…just a walk away in the Gum Tree Reserve. Guarded and looked after by brave naturalists.
Combined with today’s occurrence records that show where they grow in the wild, we reconstructed the evolutionary journey of these orchids.
Listen to the ancient story:
CSIRO traced back the evolutionary origins of greenhood orchids to 32 million years ago, at the beginning of Oligocene. This is shortly after Australia completely separated from Antarctica, which resulted in the onset of a new sea current around the south pole, and subsequently in profound changes in the world’s climate and the vegetation of Australia. All major greenhood orchid lineages arose while Australia travelled north to today’s geographic position during the Miocene. During this time, the Australian continent experienced increased aridification and seasonality, resulting in strong vegetational changes from rainforest to more open sclerophyllous vegetation.
Our research showed that the majority of today’s greenhood orchid species are of remarkably young origin, having evolved only over the past 2.5 million years.