27/08/2019
WHAT ARE THE DIFFERENT TYPES OF UPSs?
UPS systems are grouped by topology, which refers to how the UPS and utility power work together. This translates to the level of efficiency and reliability you can expect from your power source.
There are five main types of UPS topologies:
o Standby
The standby UPS is the most common type used for desktop computers. The inverter only starts when the power fails, hence the name “standby.” High efficiency, small size, and low cost are the main benefits of this design. With proper filter and surge circuitry, the system can also provide adequate noise filtration and surge suppression.
o Line Interactive
The line interactive UPS is the most common design used for small business, web, and departmental servers. In this design, the battery-to-AC power converter (inverter) is always connected to the output of the UPS. Operating the inverter in reverse during times when the input AC power is normal provides battery charging.
o Standby-Ferro
The standby-ferro UPS was once the dominant form of UPS in the 3-15 kVA range. This design depends on a special saturating transformer that has three windings (power connections). The primary power path is from AC input, through a transfer switch, through the transformer, and to the output.
o Double Conversion On-Line
This is the most common type of UPS above 10 kVA. In the double conversion on-line design, failure of the input AC does not cause activation of the transfer switch, because the input AC is charging the backup battery source which provides power to the output inverter.
o Delta Conversion On-Line
This UPS design is a newer technology introduced to eliminate the drawbacks of the double conversion on-line design and is available in sizes ranging from 5 kVA to 1.6 MW. Similar to the double conversion on-line design, the delta conversion on-line UPS always has the inverter supplying the load voltage.